The original 30 item form of the gds has been shown to be an effective screening test for depression in a variety of settings. Questions require simple yesno answers and are nonthreatening and ageappropriate. Pdf diagnostic accuracy of the geriatric depression. The gds short form 15 questions has been derived from the 30 question version. Factors of the geriatric depression scale that may distinguish between four cognitive diagnostic groups. The gds long form is a brief, 30 item questionnaire in which participants. Geriatric depression scale an overview sciencedirect. While there are many instruments available to measure depression, the geriatric depression scale gds. Apr 12, 20 assesses depression and suicide ideation in elderly individuals. Mar 23, 2015 the geriatric depression scale is a screening device to identify depression in older adults. According to the gold standard scid, the rate of depressive disorder was 10. The gds was validated against hamilton rating scale for depression hrsd and the zung selfrating depression scale sds.
Jerome a yesavage geriatric depression scale psychopharmacology bulletin 1988 24. Depression is more common in those with multiple chronic conditions. The questions are translated into arabic and greek. This scale was developed as a basic screening measure for depression in older adults. Geriatric depression scale gds test the calculator. The original geriatric depression scale gds was a 30 item questionnaire timeconsuming and challenging for some patients and staff. Geriatric depression scale definition of geriatric. Assesses depression and suicide ideation in elderly individuals.
Jul 15, 2007 numerous depression rating scales have been validated for use in pd, including the hamilton depression rating scale hdrs, 810 the montgomery asberg depression rating scale madrs, 8 the beck depression inventory bdi, 11 the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads, 14 and the 15item 9 and 30item 15 geriatric depression scales. In this study, we aimed to examine the ability of the depression scale and its items to recognise and predict a depressive episode. Results also showed that the 30item gds and 15item gds short forms were reliable measures to assess depression in communitydwelling asian immigrant elders. Are you afraid that something bad is going to happen to you. Geriatric depression scale gds 30 yesavage ja, brink tl, rose tl, lum o, huang v, adey mb, leirer vo. Discover more about the gds screening tool and also some guidelines about depression in the elderly below the form. The 15 item version of the geriatric depression scale gds15 is widely employed to assess depression in old people, but it is unclear if there are biases in the total score depending on. Geriatric depression scale as a community screening instrument for elderly chinese immigrants. The geriatric depression scale gds is a widely used clinical and research depression screening tool since it was first developed over 30 years ago. It is generally recommended as a routine part of a comprehensive geriatric assessment. We will consider this page to be under continuous development and try to keep translations of the scale available. Short form is a 15question screening tool for depression in older adults that takes five to. The gds long form is a brief, 30item questionnaire in which participants are asked to respond by. The 15 item geriatric depression scale gds15 is widely used to screen depression among elders.
Where a score of more than five is indicated, a more. It was modified from the original 30item form to focus on items with the. Have you dropped many of your activities and interests. The gds long form is a brief, 30 item questionnaire in which. The patient is asked to provide responses to each question in reference to the. Pdf the geriatric depression scale gds is a brief, convenient, and effective 30item selfreport screening measure for depression among. The geriatric depression scale gds is a brief, convenient, and effective 30item selfreport screening measure for depression among older adults. Therefore, it taps the affective and behavioral symptoms of depression and excludes most symptoms that may be confused with somatic disease e. The validation of the short form of the geriatric depression. The 5item geriatric depression scale gds is used as a screening tool for identifying depression in older adults. Aged care assessment geriatric depression scale gds. The gds long form is a brief, 30item questionnaire in which. The gds is widely used throughout the world and in brazil for tracing depressive symptoms, and is well accepted in clinical practice and research. The 5 item geriatric depression scale gds is used as a screening tool for identifying depression in older adults.
The 4 item geriatric depression scale is suitable as a screening test for depressive symptoms in the elderly admin time. Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale. In addition to the 5item scale, there is a long form 30item questionnaire. The greatage study author links open overlay panel m. Selfreport screening tool to identify depression in older adults originally developed as 30item measure geriatric depression scale long form. However, its utility in patients with dementia of the alzheimer type dat is questionable. Bdi30 item dsmiiidiagnostic interview schedule dis n 543 patients visiting urgent care clinic mean age 53 s. The 4 item geriatric depression scale is suitable as a screening test for depressive symptoms in the elderly.
The use of the geriatric depression scale gds as a screening tool in nursing home populations is wide spread. Is the geriatric depression scale 30, 15 and 8item versions useful for both purposes in nursing home patients. Left untreated, depression may progress and have dramatic effects on overall health. The original geriatric depression scale gds was a 30item questionnaire timeconsuming and challenging for some patients and staff. Introduction the 30 item geriatric depression scale gds 30 and the shorter gds15, gds5 and gds4 are recommended as depression screening tools for elderly individuals. Circle the answer that best describes how you felt over the past week.
Effect of age on geriatric depression scale performance in. Answers indicating depression are in bold and italicized. Geriatric depression scale long form score calculator. It is a 30item questionnaire that requires a dichotomous response pattern, which can either be selfadministered or administered by a trained professional cotter et al. Depression is underrecognized in older adults, especially those with chronic conditions such as heart disease and arthritis. Geriatric depression scale gds 4 questions version 1. It can be used within a wide range of settings, and can be used with those that have a medical illness or those with mild to moderate cognitive impairment. Do you prefer to stay at home rather than going out and doing new things. This is a free handheld version that can be used to administer and score the scale. Depression assessments such as the 4 item geriatric depression scale are easy and quick to. Validity of the geriatric depression scale30 against the. The relationship between geriatric depression scale.
Data strongly suggest that asian elderly immigrants in the us are at risk of depression, indicating a need for the design of culturally sensitive mental health programs. Geriatric depression scale30 long version ahrq academy. It was found to have a 92% sensitivity and an 89% specificity when evaluated against diagnostic criteria. Yesavage and others newer shortened form is 15item measure geriatric depression scale short form. The items may be answered yes or no, which is thought to be simpler than scales that use a fivecategory response set. There is a long form 30 item questionnaire and short form 15item questionnaire for the gds. But the factor structure of the chinese version gds15 remains unclear. At the optimal cutoff score 5, gds had 62% sensitivity and 81% specificity. Geriatric depression scale short form patients name. Geriatric depression scale gds30 yesavage ja, brink tl, rose tl, lum o, huang v, adey mb, leirer vo. The geriatric depression scale15 gds15 is a short, 15item instrument specifically designed to assess depression in geriatric populations. While there are many instruments available to measure depression, the geriatric depression scale gds, first created by yesavage, et al. We now have a free iphone app that allows you to do the 15item gds. The geriatric depression scale gds is a 30item selfreport assessment designed specifically to identify depression in the elderly.
The aim of the current study was the standardization of the. The 15item geriatric depression scale gds15 is widely used to screen depression among elders. This indicated that the shorter version of scale is adequate substitute for the longer version. The gds geriatric depression scale is a 30 item inventory, with a yesno format. The conducted research found the gdssf to be an adequate substitute for the original 30item scale. The geriatric depression scale is a screening device to identify depression in older adults. Selfrating scale comprised of 30 items selected from a pool of 100 items selected by researchers and clinicians.
It helps to ask future questions to help determine if one is depressed. Later versions retain only the most discriminating questions. Choose the best answer for how you felt over the past week. Reliability of the geriatric depression scale for use. This 30item, yesno, questionnaire has been shown over the years to be a valid instrument for assessing depressive symptoms in the geriatric as well as other populations e. Geriatric depression scale dsm, examples, person, people. Geriatric depression scale short form 1 tools may be copied without permission instructions. It has been designed for the assessment of depressive symptomatology in elderly people and excludes any questions relating to the physical symptoms of depression common in old age. This tip sheet provides guidance on administering the geriatric depression scale gds 15 point version, a depression assessment tool specifically designed for older people. The geriatric depression scale gds is a 30 item selfreport assessment used to identify depression in the elderly. The 30item geriatric depression scale gds30 and the shorter gds15, gds 5 and gds4 are. Geriatric depression scale short form with 4 questions. Geriatric depression scale an overview sciencedirect topics. Box plot graph comparing vad patients with factor 2 of the geriatric.
The geriatric depression scale was first introduced by yesavage et al. The original 30item form of the gds has been shown to be an effective screening test for depression in a variety of settings. Yesavage ja, brink tl, rose tl, lum o, huang v, adey mb, leirer vo. This 30 item, yesno, questionnaire has been shown over the years to be a valid instrument for assessing depressive symptoms in the geriatric as well as other populations e. Thirty subjects also administered the 30items scale. Depression assessments such as the 4item geriatric depression scale are easy and quick to. The geriatric depression scale gds is a selfreport instrument designed to assess depressive symptoms in older adults.
Started in 1995, this collection now contains 6769 interlinked topic pages divided into a tree of 31 specialty books and 732 chapters. Spanish translation by terry brink circa 1985 using mexican idiom 30 item. Results also showed that the 30 item gds and 15 item gds short forms were reliable measures to assess depression in communitydwelling asian immigrant elders. Mar 30, 2017 selfreport screening tool to identify depression in older adults originally developed as 30item measure geriatric depression scale long form. The gds geriatric depression scale is a 30item inventory, with a yesno format. The geriatric depression scale 15 gds15 is a short, 15 item instrument specifically designed to assess depression in geriatric populations. The geriatric depression scale gds was designed specifically to screen for depression in geriatric populations. In addition to the 5 item scale, there is a long form 30 item questionnaire. Is the geriatric depression scale 30, 15 and 8 item versions useful for both purposes in nursing home patients. Total score greater than five indicates probably depression. Geriatric depression scale gds test this geriatric depression scale gds test evaluates symptoms of depression in elderly patients based on a 15 question and a 4 question version. Validity of the geriatric depression scale30 against the gold standard diagnosis of depression in older age. The geriatric depression scale gds exists in both short and long forms. Reliability of the geriatric depression scale for use among.
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